Notes

What is a network?

u A network is a group of connected together for the purpose of sharing .

u A network can be one computer connected to another to share a printer, or…

u computers connected together sharing , directories, , plotters, , processor , and lots of other .*

Physical Parts of a Network

u ____________________

u ____________________ Media

u ____________________ Devices

u ____________________ to share

n ____________________ and other peripherals

n / power*

Internal Network Components

u Network ____________________ Systems

u ____________________

u ____________________ to share

n ____________________

n ____________________ *

Draw A Simple Network

Types of Networks

u ____________________ /Server

u to Peer (also known as ).

Client Server Network

u One or more servers running a system.

u Clients connected to the server via ____________________ hardware.

u Required if ____________________ is a major issue.

u Required if the network is larger than ____________________ computers.

u Allows for ____________________ management.

u ____________________ …can grow as a company grows

u Requires less ____________________ for users.*

Draw a Client/Server Network

Label the client and the server

Advantages of using client/server networks

n User ____________________ accounts and passwords can be assigned in one place

n Access to multiple resources can be centrally granted to a single user or of users

n Problems can be , , and often fixed from one _____

n __________________________!*

Peer to Peer Network (workgroup)

u A group of client computers that act as _________________________. They can work like a client or a server.

u Good for up to _________________________ computers.

u Provides no real network _________________________.

u Requires _________________________ for users.

u No _________________________ management of resources.

u Difficult to _________________________ as network grows.*

Draw Sharing on a Simple Peer to Peer Network

Centralized vs Distributed Networks

u Describe where _________________________ takes place

u Centralized

n One system provides both _ storage and _ power

n _ and _ terminals

n No processing or storage capabilities at the _________________________

u Distributed

n Processing power _____________ between _ and _____________ *

LANs, WANs, CANs, and MANs

u Large networks are defined by their size and their implementation.

u The most common network is a : _______________ Area Network.*

LAN-Local Area Network

u Transfer data at _________________________ speeds

u Exist in a _________________________ geographical area (office, building, classroom)

u Connectivity and resources are usually managed by the _________________________ running the LAN.*

WAN-Wide Area Network

u Exist in a _________________________ geographical area

u Usually connect a number of _________________________

u Often transmit data at _________________________ speeds

u Connectivity and resources are usually managed by a third party such a _ company or _ company.*

CAN-Campus Area Network

u Exist in a limited geographical area, but encompass a number of buildings such as on a _ campus or _ campus.

u Connect individual _________________________

u Owned by _________________________.

u Basically a _________________________ *

MAN-Metropolitan Area Network

u Exist in a _____________ geographical area, but encompass a number of _ / _____________ in a city.

u Connect individual _________________________

u Run by a _________________________ government.

u Basically a _________________________ *

Internet vs Intranet

u The Internet is a collection of computers and _________________________ connected throughout the world.

u An _________________________ is a collection of computers within a company. There is generally no access to an intranet from outside the company.*

Review (notice all that white space…perhaps this means you’re supposed to answer the questions. Hmmmm.)

u What is a network?

u What are the physical components required for a network?

u What are the internal components required for a network?

u What is a server?

u What is a network operating system?

u Purple McGee has a business office with 8 computers. He wants to set up a small network. His users are pretty bright and security is not an issue.

u Green LaMean has a business office with 8 computers. The business is growing. He works with sensitive data, so security is an issue.

u What defines a LAN?

u This network is on a school or company campus.

u This network connects LANs.

u This type of network is usually run by a city government.

u Which generally runs slower, a LAN or a WAN?

u Which is larger, a LAN or a CAN?

u What type of network is internal to a company and cannot be accessed from outside?

u What is a protocol?

u What is transmission media?

u How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood?

Standardization and the OSI Model

Standardization and Reference Models

u There is a purpose to learning about reference models and standardization, even though at first it might seem obscure. Reference models allow different _________________________ to create hardware and software that will work with other technology that use the same model and standards.

u The OSI model is the main reference model used in networking.*

The OSI Model

u The OSI model is a _____________ model that defines the way _ communications take place between two _____________.

u There are _________________________ layers on the OSI model*

The OSI Model

u To understand the OSI model is to understand how computers communicate.

u Is mainly used for _ _ issues (different protocols work at different levels).*

The OSI Model

_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________

How the layers of the OSI Model Work Together

u As a piece of information is sent from computer A it works _________________________ the layers of the OSI model.

u Each layer (except the _) adds information to the packet headers that can be read by the _ layer on the other computer.

u On the receiving computer the data goes from the bottom up.

u Each layer then _ off and uses the _ information from the corresponding layer.*

So what does each layer do?

u Each layer works with different _________________________ kind of like an assembly line.

u Different pieces of _________________________ hardware work with different protocols at different layers.

u On a _________________________ test you might be asked about either of these things.*

OSI Model Assignment

u Get together as a team and split up the seven layers of the OSI model.

u Look online for websites related to the OSI model.

u Learn your level of the OSI model be prepared to share:

n What happens at that level.

n What protocols work at that level.

n What hardware works at that level.*

(this part of the lecture gone so you can look it up on your own…yeah, I’m evil like that.)

Review

u Which layer is responsible for breaking data into bits?

u Which layer is responsible for breaking data into packets?

u What is the purpose of a message header?

u If a sending computer adds information to the header on the transport layer, what does the receiving computer do with that information?

u At what layer does the router work?

u At what layer does a bridge work?

u At what layer does a switch work?

u What kind of addressing does a router use?

u What kind of addressing does a bridge use?

u What is a broadcast message?

u At what layer does a NIC work?

u Which layer is responsible for placing bits on the media?

u Which layer is responsible for opening and maintaining communications between two systems?

IEEE 802 Family

u Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering is the standardizing body for many industries.

u The _________________________ section specifically deals with networking*

IEEE 802 Family

u There are _________________________ subcommittees in the 802 family.

u Each subcommittee is responsible for a specific part of networking.

u You should be aware of the IEEE because it is where you will go when you need to understand, in depth, the standard for a certain _________________________.*

IEEE Assignment

u Get online and look up the IEEE 802 information from your reading.

u As a group, split the 802 IEEE committees and find out:

n What it does

n If it is still active

u You have ten minutes to do this.

IEEE 802 Family

u 802.1—Defines internetwork communications standards between devices and includes specifications for routing and bridging. 802.2—Defines the LLC sublayer of the data link layer of the OSI model.

u 802.3—Defines Ethernet communication standard, including the MAC sublayer use of CSMA/CD

u 802.11 Wireless LAN

u 802.15 Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)*

802 Family Continued

u 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access

u 802.17 Resilient Packet Ring

u 802.18 Radio Regulatory

u 802.19 Coexistance TAG

u 802.20 Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA)

u 802.21 Media Independent Handoff Working Group

u 802.22 Regional Wireless Area Networks

802 Family Inactive

u 802.2 Logical Link Control

u 802.5 Token Ring

u 802.12 Demand Priority

u Disbanded

n 802.4 Token Bus

n 802.6 MAN

n 802.7 Broadband

n 802.8 Fiber Optic

n 802.9 Integrated services LAN

n 802.10 Security

n 802.14 Cable Modem

Characteristics specified in each standard

u Speed

u Access methods

n CSMA/CD

n Token passing

n CSMA/CA

n Demand priority

u Topology

u Media

u White papers—contain information on implementation of the technologies, including new patents.*

What is a network?

u A network is a group of ____________________ connected together for the purpose of sharing ____________________.

u A network can be one computer connected to another to share a printer, or…

u ____________________ computers connected together sharing ____________________, directories, ____________________, plotters, ____________________, processor ____________________, and lots of other ____________________.*

Physical Parts of a Network

u ____________________

u ____________________

u ____________________ Media

u ____________________ Devices

u ____________________ to share

n ____________________ and other peripherals

n ____________________ / ____________________ power*

Internal Network Components

u Network ____________________ Systems

u ____________________

u ____________________ to share

n ____________________

n ____________________

n ____________________ *

Draw A Simple Network

Types of Networks

u ____________________ /Server

u ____________________ to Peer (also known as ____________________).

Client Server Network

u One or more servers running a ____________________ ____________________ system.

u Clients connected to the server via ____________________ hardware.

u Required if ____________________ is a major issue.

u Required if the network is larger than ____________________ computers.

u Allows for ____________________ management.

u ____________________ …can grow as a company grows

u Requires less ____________________ for users.*

Draw a Client/Server Network

Advantages of using client/server networks

n User ____________________ accounts and passwords can be assigned in one place

n Access to multiple ____________________ resources can be centrally granted to a single user or ____________________ of users

n Problems can be ____________________, ____________________, and often fixed from one _________________________

n __________________________!*

Peer to Peer Network (workgroup)

u A group of client computers that act as _________________________. They can work like a client or a server.

u Good for up to _________________________ computers.

u Provides no real network _________________________.

u Requires _________________________ for users.

u No _________________________ management of resources.

u Difficult to _________________________ as network grows.*

Draw Sharing on a Simple Peer to Peer Network

Centralized vs Distributed Networks

u Describe where _________________________ takes place

u Centralized

n One system provides both _________________________ storage and _________________________ power

n _________________________ and _________________________ terminals

n No processing or storage capabilities at the _________________________

u Distributed

n Processing power _________________________ between _________________________ and _________________________ *

LANs, WANs, CANs, and MANs

u Large networks are defined by their size and their implementation.

u The most common network is a __________: _________________________ Area Network.*

LAN-Local Area Network

u Transfer data at _________________________ speeds

u Exist in a _________________________ geographical area (office, building, classroom)

u Connectivity and resources are usually managed by the _________________________ running the LAN.*

WAN-Wide Area Network

u Exist in a _________________________ geographical area

u Usually connect a number of _________________________

u Often transmit data at _________________________ speeds

u Connectivity and resources are usually managed by a third party such a _________________________ company or _________________________ company.*

CAN-Campus Area Network

u Exist in a limited geographical area, but encompass a number of buildings such as on a _________________________ campus or _________________________ campus.

u Connect individual _________________________

u Owned by _________________________.

u Basically a _________________________ *

MAN-Metropolitan Area Network

u Exist in a _________________________ geographical area, but encompass a number of _________________________ / _________________________ in a city.

u Connect individual _________________________

u Run by a _________________________ government.

u Basically a _________________________ *

Internet vs Intranet

u The Internet is a collection of computers and _________________________ connected throughout the world.

u An _________________________ is a collection of computers within a company. There is generally no access to an intranet from outside the company.*

Review (notice all that white space…perhaps this means you’re supposed to answer the questions. Hmmmm.)

u What is a network?

u A network is a group of connected together for the purpose of sharing .

u computers connected together sharing , directories, , plotters, , processor , and lots of other .*

n / power*

u to Peer (also known as ).

u One or more servers running a system.

n Access to multiple resources can be centrally granted to a single user or of users

n Problems can be , , and often fixed from one _____

n One system provides both _ storage and _ power

n _ and _ terminals

n Processing power _____________ between _ and _____________ *

u The most common network is a : _______________ Area Network.*

u Connectivity and resources are usually managed by a third party such a _ company or _ company.*

u Exist in a limited geographical area, but encompass a number of buildings such as on a _ campus or _ campus.

u Exist in a _____________ geographical area, but encompass a number of _ / _____________ in a city.

u The OSI model is a _____________ model that defines the way _ communications take place between two _____________.

u Is mainly used for _ _ issues (different protocols work at different levels).*

u Each layer (except the _) adds information to the packet headers that can be read by the _ layer on the other computer.

u Each layer then _ off and uses the _ information from the corresponding layer.*