Company Name
Employee Names
Team Lead
Module Name	Topologies and Standards
Certification Test		Vendor
Objectives covered
Time allotted	10 Days	Time Taken
Date Started		Date Completed

Item	Completed lab	Answered lab questions	Completed lab report
Lab reports for all labs (List labs)
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-6
Completed solution to problem portfolio
Explanation of the option of different kinds of topologies, including bus, star, cascading star, token ring, and mesh.
Explanation of the options of different types of architectures, including Ethernet, token-ring, ARCNet, and FDDI)
Access methods used by each topology.
Suggestion of which topology would best fit their needs.
Explanation of the option of different kinds of topologies, including bus, star, cascading star, token ring, and mesh.
Explanation of the options of different types of architectures, including Ethernet, token-ring, ARCNet, and FDDI)
Drawing of the network, which includes:
All computers on network (servers and workstations)
Label cable types
Label connector types
Label access speeds
Label access method
Describe topology and architecture

Notes!

Moving Data on the Physical Layer

· It takes more than just a ___________________and ___________________ to transmit data.

· Different networks use different methods of ___________________.

· Each of these methods have their pros and cons.*

Three Main Types of Access Methods

· Contention

· Polling

· Token Passing

Contention

· Any computer can ___________________at any time

· In other words, ___________________ “make a run for it” and hope they don’t run into anyone else.

· If other computers are ___________________at the same time there could be problems.

· Used in ___________________LANs*

Two Types of Contention

· CSMA/CD—Carrier Sensing Multiple ___________________with Collision ___________________

· CSMA/CA—Carrier ___________________Multiple Access with Collision ___________________*

CSMA/CD

· Used in ___________________LANs

· Listens to the ___________________as they are transmitting

· If a signal is ___________________, transmission stops

· Good for less busy ___________________.

· As the network gets busier, the ___________________increase.*

CSMA/CA

· Used in ___________________ and ___________________LANs

· ___________________before transmitting to ___________________collisions.

· If a transmission is detected on the network, waits for a ___________________time period and then listens again.*

Polling

· ___________________around before sending on the network.

· Polling causes a LOT of ___________________traffic, which can ___________________down the network.*

Token Passing

nUsed in ___________________ ___________________ LANs

nA frame called a “___________________” is passed around the LAN.

nEach computer must ___________________until it receives the ___________________before it can transmit.*

Token Passing

Networks that use Token Passing

n___________________Ring--Most common. See ___________________ for information on Token Ring Networks

n___________________802.4—Not used often, but a few still out there

n___________________—Very fast demand priority fiber standard using a double token ring configuration

Contention vs Token

nGood for ___________________usage LANs

nMuch ___________________cost

n___________________reliable

Token

nGood for ___________________usage LANs

n___________________cost

n___________________reliable

Review

nName the three types of access methods?

nWhich is used in Ethernet?

nWhat is the difference between CSMA/CA and CSMA/CD?

nIn token ring, if a computer has data to transmit it must do what?

nWhich is better, token or contention?

nPolling adds a lot of ___________________traffic to a network.

nMore expensive, token or contention?

nMore reliable, token or contention?

nDoes the data travel with the token?

nTypes of LANs that use token.

nTypes of LANs that use contention

Kinds of topologies

n ______________—Describes the actual layout of the network transmission media.

n ______________—Describes the path the signal follows as it travels along a network.*

BUS Topology

n Uses ______________

n ______________ is the most common BUS topology

n Most bus networks broadcast signals in ______________ directions on a ______________cable.

n ______________ must be placed at each end of the backbone cable to prevent signal bounce.

n ______________ must be done at one end.*

Ring Topology

n Network is wired in a ______________ or a ______________.

n Each device has a ______________ and a ______________

n Each device serves as a ______________

n Signal ______________ is very low

n Physical rings are very rare. Rings are usually ______________ in nature.*

Ring Topology

n Ideal for ______________ passing access methods.

n Often has ______________ ______________ schemes built in.*

Token Ring

n Token rings use a ______________ ______________architecture

n Adhere to the ______________standard.

n ______________star, ______________ring

n Each node is attached to an ______________ (multi station access unit)

n The ______________adds fault tolerance so if one computer goes down, the network still works.*

n Token ring cards run at either ______________ Mbps or ______________Mbps

n All ______________must run at the same speed

n Each node acts as a ______________. It reads a ______________and sends it on to its nearest neighbor.*

n If a node has a ______________, it captures ______________token when it comes to it.

n It then sends the ______________.

n The receiving node receives the message and replies with a “______________” message.

n The sending computer receives the got it and then releases the token back onto the ______________.*

Token Benefits

nEqual _______________________ to all computers

nAble to use _______________________priority

nVery _______________________networks—keeps from _______________________down

nWhen carrying time _______________________data that is imperative it be received

Auto-reconfiguration

nComputers on a token network receive transmissions every _______________________seconds.

nIf a computer _______________________, it is removed from the network. When it comes back, it won’t _______________________packets.

nIf 7 seconds pass and it hasn’t received a packet it sends out a “_______________________” packet with its address and the address of its nearest _______________________neighbor

nBy doing this, the _______________________can determine where the problem is and _______________________automatically reconfigure the network to include that computer.*

Review

n What is the logical and physical topologies of token ring?

n NIC card speeds?

n All nodes are connected to a…

n What is a beacon?

n If a computer doesn’t answer a beacon, what happens?

n Describe how a computer sends data on a token ring network.

n What is the purpose of the token?

n When a computer receives data meant for it, what happens?

n How many computers on the network will see a data frame?

Star Topology

n All devices connect to a ______________ ______________.

n The hub receives signals from other ______________devices.

n Can be used to implement a ______________or ______________logical topology

Star Wired Bus

n Hybrid topology that combines ______________and ______________

n Groups of workstations are connected to ______________ (star)

n Hubs are connected by single ______________ (bus)

n AKA Star Bus

Ethernet Standards (802.3)

n Speed—Originally ______________ Mbps, but 802.3u is ______________Mbps, and 802.3z is ______________Gbps

n ______________—Bus or star physical, always bus logical

n ______________—coaxial, twisted pair, and now fiber

n ______________

Mesh Topology

n Each device is attached to each other ______________in the network.

n Considered a “______________” topology because it can incorporate all other topologies.

n ______________!

n Difficult to use in a large LAN

n Completely ______________tolerant

n Can be all ______________or ______________ring and ethernet

Review

n What are the three major network topologies?

n What is the difference between a logical topology and a physical topology?

n In a star topology, what is every device connected to?

n What must be done at the ends of an ethernet BUS?

n Which topology is also referred to as a “hybrid” topology?

n Which is rare, a ring physical or a ring logical topology?

n Where are physical ring topologies often used?

n A star topology can be a physical star, but a logical __ or __ topology.

n Which topology is the most fault tolerant?

n Which topology is the most expensive?

n Which topology is the least expensive?

n Which topology often uses a token passing contention method?

n Which contention method listens before it transmits a signal?

Backbone Networks

n A network backbone is the cabling that connects ______________, ______________, ______________on a network

n Backbones usually have greater ______________than connected cabling

n Backbones carry more ______________

n In a large enterprise network, ______________is often used as a backbone

Serial Backbone

n ______________backbone

n Two or more networking devices connected via a single cable in a ______________chain

n Limited because it can quickly become ______________*

Distributed backbone

n A number of connectivity devices connected to a series of central connectivity devices

– ______________

– ______________

– ______________

n Easy to ______________as the company/network grows.

Collapsed Backbone

n Uses a ______________or ______________as a single central connection point for multiple subnets

n Easier to manage and ______________

n Cheaper than ______________...but

n When multiple LANs are connected to one router, you have a risky situation

n One ______________of ______________can bring down an entire network

Collapsed Backbones

Parallel Backbone

n Most ______________

n Combines ______________and ______________

n One or more connections from the central ______________to each network

n Redundant links ensure network connectivity

n More expensive due to increased ______________

n Better ______________tolerance

What is a Standard?

n Topologies simply describe layouts, but don’t get into wiring, etc.

n Standards define

– ______________

– ______________

– ______________

– ______________

n Example: Ring is a topology, token ring network is an architecture or standard

n Standards are ______________ in the 802 groups.

Review

n Which backbone is the cheapest?

n Which would be most expensive?

n Which would provide the best security?

n Which include a single ingress and egress to the rest of the world?

n Which include fault tolerance?

ArcNet

n An ______________network not often found in business.

n Uses token ______________protocol.

n Can have a ______________or ______________physical topology.

n Uses ______________or ______________hubs, not an MSAU.

n Requires a ______________ohm terminator.*

FDDI

n Similar to token ring

n Uses ______________optic cable.

n Two classes of FDDI

– Class A—uses ______________rings that run in ______________directions.

– Class B—uses a ______________ring.*

Wireless LAN (802.11b)

n Speed—

n 802.11b __________Mbps

n 802.11g ______________and _____________

n 802.11n _________ to _________ mbps

n 802.11ac _______ mbs to ___________ Gbps

n Media—2.4Ghz and ______________________ radio waves

n Topology— ______________wireless, ______________bus (because it is based on Ethernet and E’net always uses logical bus)

n Access Method— ______________/ _______*

FDDI

n Speed— ______________or higher

n Topology— ______________ring for fault tolerance

n Media—Fiber optic, although you can use ______________ (then called ______________) with the same technology

n Access Method— ______________passing

Net+ Module 03 Topologies and Architectures

Lab 3-1 Installing Visio and running tutorials

1. Get out your Visio disk.
2. Start your computer and log into an administrator account.
3. Insert the Visio CD and run the installation.
4. Complete the tutorials at: http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/visio/HA010837201033.aspx

Do Dis:

1. Open Visio 2. Notice that there are a lot of options for drawings you can create. We want to draw a network, so select Network
3. Select Detailed Network Diagram using US Units 4. Visio will open a blank page. The difference in templates is the shapes that open with it. Look on the left. You’ll see bunches of shapes that can be used for your network. 5. Let’s create a simple star topology network.
6. Click on Network and Peripherals and find the switch. It’s just a generic switch. 7. Click and drag it onto your drawing space. 8. If you’re creating a specific drawing using specific switches, you can download shapes from companies like Cisco. 9. If you’re doing a general drawing, such as a proposal, there are accepted symbols that you would use. 10. Click on Network Symbols 11. Find the workgroup switch. Drag it over to your drawing board. Notice that it has arrows that represent data sending and receiving.
12. Go back to peripherals and drag over one server and one computer and one router. Go ahead and click on the switch symbol, hit the delete key and delete it. We’ll use symbols later.
13. To make it easy you can copy shapes. Hold down the ctrl key on your keyboard and click and drag the computer you brought over. Create three of them.
14. Now lets label each thing. Click the switch and just start typing 32 port switch. Label the others as shown. 15. Let’s create another Active Directory Server. Click, hold down control, and drag. Rename it ADDC2 by double clicking on the words and typing.
16. Now lets connect them together. Go up to the toolbar and select the Connector Tool. 17. Notice that as you bring your mouse over the switch it highlights where you can connect. 18. Click on the switch and drag the connector line to ws1. When ws1 gets a red box around it, let go. 19. Now pick up and move ws1. What happens? 20. Connect the rest of the devices.
21. Go into Annotations in the shapes. Drag over the one named 5 ruled column for annotation. 22. Click and type in your name, team name, and any other important information. 23. In EVERY network drawing you will annotate. This is a good place to indicate things like how many workstations one computer represents, speed of network, type of cable, etc. 24. Now go over to annotations and grab “Callout Bent”. Connect it to your router. 25. Type BootP Router. (That means the router will pass broadcast messages for DHCP and for network booting.)
26. Save your drawing. It will save as a VSD file (a visio desktop file). That’s good for opening it and modifying it later, but if you want to put it into another program you need to export it. 27. Now let’s save it as a JPG. Note that once you do this, you won’t be able to change the JPG and any changes you make to the VSD won’t go to the JPG. 28. Go to fileàsave as… and select Jpeg. Ta da!
29. Now create a new document and do the following 30. Go under FileàShapesàNetwork and note that there are a LOT more network shapes. Select a few and poke around. 31. Go to www.visiocafe.com and download the following shape packets: a. Dellfull.zip b. Microsoft Network Equipment Shapes 32. Now using the Network shapes and the Building Plan shapes, draw this room!	Each person turn it in!

Lab 3-2 The Star Topology

In this lab you’re going to set up a simple star physical network using three or four computers in your group.

Get the following:

8 Two or three computers running server or workstation

8 Enable file and print sharing on both computers

8 A small network hub or unmanaged switch

8 Cabling for each computer

1.	Log off and turn off the computers.
2.	Obtain a hub. Connect each network computer to a hub. You are not going to connect this hub to one of our routers. We want just a simple peer to peer network.
3.	Turn the computers back on and log in locally.
4.	Change the computers from working within a domain into a workgroup. Each computer must have a unique computer name, but the workgroup names should all be netplus.
5.	In my network places, view entire network. Find the Netplus workgroup and double click.
6.	What do you see?
7.	Unplug one of the computers. What happens to the light on the NIC?
8.	What happens to the light on the hub?
9.	What do those lights indicate?
10.	View my network places, entire network. What do you see?
11.	Why?
12.	Reconnect your workstations to the classroom network.
13.	Rejoin the domain as before.
14.	Draw a picture of your network below and label the path of the data.

Lab 3-3 Installing Active Directory

Before you start:

1. If you don’t have your Server 2008 DVD, be sure to have the ISO available.
2. 
3. Check your computer name on both of your ADDC servers. If they are some funky name, change them so it’s something easy to spell. NO LEET SPEAK.
4. You’re going to install Active Directory on your server. That will turn the server into a Domain Controller, or an Active Directory Domain Controller (which is why we named the virtual servers ADDC1 and ADDC2).
5. Read on about Active Directory so you know what you’re doing.

Active directory is a directory that contains information about all of the objects in your network. Objects can be users, computers, shared folders, shared printers, organizational units*, etc. It also contains information about programs, what services are available and where to find them, security access, permissions, etc. In other words, it knows EVERYTHING about the stuff in your domain and controls access to those things.

AD is REALLY powerful. We’re going to do the main Active Directory stuff in this class, but we’ll only scratch the surface. You can do some super cool stuff with AD!

The basic building blocks of Active Directory are Domains, Domain Controllers, Trusts, Users, Groups, Forests, Organizational Units, Sites, Replication, and the Global Catalog.

Here we have two forests. A forest is a collection of domains. A domain is a collection of users, organizational units, computers, servers, shares, etc.

We’ll learn more as we go along.

Directions

Log into your server as an administrator. Hyper V Manager. Start your ADDC1 server and log it in. Check the computer name. If it is a funky name, rename it a single, easy to spell word. We’ll be using UNC pathnames so you don’t want to have to type \\win-22390ea24 when it would be a lot easier to remember \\snappy and \\slappy (that’s what I named mine). Restart after naming. Under Customize this Server select Add Roles Select Active Directory Domain Services It will tell you that you have to add the .NET framework, so say Add Required Features. Read the Introduction to Active Directory Domain Services and answer the questions to the right. BEFORE YOU CONTINUE, MAKE SURE YOU ARE NOT DOING THIS ON YOUR ORIGINAL SERVER. IT SHOULD BE ON ADDC1. Select install. It can take awhile to install. If you didn’t answer the questions to the right, you can look up the answers online. Click close when it’s finished. Make sure it says “successful” under both items you installed.	1. What is the minimum number of Domain Controllers you should have in one network? 2. Why? 3. AD DS will require _____________ to be installed. 4. What do you do if you don’t have that? 5. After you install the role, what do you have to do to make the server a fully functional domain controller? 6. What are three other things AD will install?
Open Server Manager to ensure that your new role was installed correctly. Ruh Roh! Nothing is going on yet! Why is that? Well you need to actually PROMOTE your server to a Directory Controller. So how do you do that? Right click on the CMD program and select run as an administrator. Type the word dcpromo (domain controller promoter) at the command prompt. ONLY an administrator can installed the ADDS so you have to run as an admin. Since you’re a new user, just click next. Do not go into Advanced Mode.
You’re going to get some information about OS compatibility. Read it if you like. Press Next. It’s going to ask you whether you want a new or existing forest. A forest is a collection of domains. Since this is your first domain and your first domain controller, you are going to select create a new domain in a new forest. A domain is a collection of computers that share the same namespace (example Microsoft.com, Redmond.microsoft.com, Bellevue.microsoft.com). Click next. FQDN=Fully Qualified Domain Name. You’re going to create a root domain name. csn.com is OUR domain name, so you can come up with something good…but let’s not be childish. And NO LEETSPEAK! Srsly. You’ll be in big bad trouble. Go ahead and use .com. (Example, slaphappy.com.) The root is the first domain in your forest. Hit next.
It’s going to ask you if you’re all 2008 or have older servers. We may put a 2003 server into our domain, so leave the Forest Functional Level at 2003. What this means if is you have even ONE older server acting as a domain controller in your network, you have to have the FFL down to its level. At native level (2008) it has more options and features. You’re going to do the same with domain functional level. Same deal, but at a domain level.
It’ll now exam your DNS. You don’t have a DNS so it will tell you that and give you the option of either installing DNS or accessing another computer’s DNS. For this server, we will install a DNS. So just allow it to install DNS (where it says additional options for domain controller). Notice that Global catalog is also going to install. The reason is, your root domain always holds the global catalog. The global catalog is like a catalog that has every single item indexed in it that is a part of the entire forest. It’s like Dex, but cooler and not bald. Ruh Roh, there is no delegation for our DNS server! That’s because this is our first one. When you have a delegation, that means that you have another DNS that has all the files for all of the computers in the domain. Go ahead and say yes to continue because this will become the Zone Authority.
The next screen will ask where you want to store your log files and your SYSVOL folders. Go ahead and it store in C:\ Create a STRONG PASSWORD! We’ll use P@ssword. Review your summary. Does everything look correct? If so, click install. Note that it will “talk” about what it is doing. This can take awhile, and you can’t turn off your computer while it’s doing it. Nor can you install ADDC on your other domain controller because it’s going to be a backup domain controller. Sorry. Click “Reboot on completion” and answer the questions below. Note, when it reboots it takes a LONG time to restart to the point where you can log in. This only happens the first time as it sets up all the new services so don’t panic.

Questions

1. What is Active Directory?

2. What things are the building blocks of Active Directory?

3. What server did you install AD on?

4. What is DCPromo?

5. Why put the forest functional level at server 2003?

6. If you have one server that is 2003, and three that are 2008 and all are ADDCs (Active Directory Domain Controllers), what Domain Functional Level do you set it at?

7. What is a forest?

8. What is a domain?

9. What is your root domain?

10. What did you name it?

11. What three roles are you installing on your server?

12. What is a global catalog?

13. What domain holds the global catalog?

Lab 3-4 Installing a Second Domain Controller

Before you start:

6. Check your computer name on both of your ADDC servers. If they are some funky name, change them so it’s something easy to spell. NO LEET SPEAK.

Directions

Log into your OTHER server as an administrator. Be sure ADDC1 is on and working and has Active Directory installed. Go into the properties of your network card and configured IP v4 Set the Primary DNS as the IP address of ADDC1 Hyper V Manager. Start your ADDC2 server and log it in. Check the computer name. If it is a funky name, rename it a single, easy to spell word. We’ll be using UNC pathnames so you don’t want to have to type \\win-22390ea24 when it would be a lot easier to remember \\snappy and \\slappy (that’s what I named mine). Restart after naming. Under Customize this Server select Add Roles Select Active Directory Domain Services It will tell you that you have to add the .NET framework again, so say Add Required Features. Select install. When it’s done, open the RUN box and type the command to promote the server to a domain controller.
Since you’re a new user, just click next. Do not go into Advanced Mode. Just like last time. You’re going to get some information about OS compatibility. Read it if you like. Press Next.
This is going to be your backup domain controller, so you’re going to add a domain controller to an existing forest. You’re going to hit next and it will ask you what domain you’re going to join. The domain is the one you created in lab 3-3. It also tells you that the current user, which is your local computer administrator, can’t join the domain so you need some other credentials. You can’t move on until you set those, so click set. Type in the administrator name and password from your other domain. Hit next. The error below is common. It means it can’t see your other domain. Potential issues: a. You spelled the domain wrong. Click OK and go back. b. Your server isn’t seeing the other DNS server. If that’s the case go into the properties of your network card on this server and make the first DNS Server address the address of the OTHER server. c. You put in the wrong username or password. d. Your server is off (the other controller). e. Your computers can’t see each other. Ping them by IP address and make sure they can see each other. f. Unknown. Try restarting the other server.
Once it’s going, it will ask you to select a domain. You only have one, so select that forest root domain. Next it will ask you about a site. Just hit next to select Default-First-Site-Name. (You become a site when you add a second DC, so that’s why the entry is already selected for you.) Additional Domain Controller Options. Select DNS server and GC server. It is going to give you that same error about DNS, but this time pay attention. You ARE going to install a second DNS because you should have two, but when you’re all done you have to go in and manually create a delegation to this DNS server. A DNS Server is a Domain Name Server. It resolves names into IP addresses so all you have to remember is a computer name. It also knows where servers are. If you go to your other ADDC you’ll see DNS is installed. We’ll do that later so click yes.
The next screen will ask where you want to store your log files and your SYSVOL folders. Go ahead and it store in C:\ Create a STRONG PASSWORD! We’ll use P@ssword. Review your summary. Does everything look correct? If so, click install. Note that it will “talk” about what it is doing. This can take awhile, and you can’t turn off your computer while it’s doing it. Nor can you install ADDC on your other domain controller because it’s going to be a backup domain controller. Sorry. Click “Reboot on completion” and answer the questions below. Note, when it reboots it takes a LONG time to restart to the point where you can log in. This only happens the first time as it sets up all the new services so don’t panic.

Questions

14. What is DNS?

15. Is DNS required for Active Directory?

16. Where did you store the SYSVOL folder?

17. What password did you use?

18. Did you get the error message about the domain not being able to be found? What did you do to resolve it?

Don’t feel bad, I got that error too and had to change the DNS IP address.

While your AD is installing on this server, go into your other server and do the following:

1. Open D

1. Open your DNS Server (Administrative ToolsàDNS) 2. What you see is your server. Expand that and you’ll see Global Logs, Foreword Lookup Zones, Reverse Lookup Zones, and Conditional Zones. 3. Expand Forward Lookup Zones. 4. You’ll see the name of your domain. 5. Right click and select New Delegation. 6. Click Next when the wizard comes up. 7. It’s going to ask for the name of your DNS Domain. You want the DNS domain of your CURRENT server. So I’m on my server named SLAPPY so I’m going to type SLAPPY
8. On the next page you want to create a new Name Server Record. DNS has a lot of “records” in it. So if you have a computer named fred at IP address 10.10.2.5 there is a record for that. A name server record is the IP address and name of a server running DNS. 9. If you don’t know the IP address of your OTHER server, type in the name and click RESOLVE. If you typed the name in correctly, it’ll show up with a green circle with a checkmark in it. 10. Click OK 11. Click Next. 12. Click Finish.
13. Check to make sure it worked! 14. Go into your second domain controller. 15. Open Forward Lookup Zones 16. Open Slaphappy.com (or your domain) 17. You should see records similar to the ones on the right. a. Start of Authority (should be the name of your server) b. Name Server (NS) the other server FQDN c. Name Server (NS) this server FQDN d. Host (A) records including ones for each of your computers in your network.

Lab 3-5 Joining Your Workstation to the Domain

Before you start:

7. Make sure your servers are turned on. If you don’t have enough RAM, at least have one of them on, preferably ADDC1.

Directions

Turn on your Windows 7 Virtual Machine and log in. We are going to make this computer a member of your new domain! Then we’re going to play with some packets. J First make sure your Windows 7 has an IP address and can get on the Interwebs. Don’t use MY IP address, but use the one from lab 2-7 last unit that I told you to use. Be sure your preferred and alternate DNS servers are YOUR servers, not mine. Activate it if you haven’t done so already. Right click on Computer and select properties.
Click the Change Settings button. Click Network ID. This computer is part of a business network. Your company uses a network with a domain. Username: Administrator Password: P@ssword (that’s what it SHOULD be, at least). Where it says Domain name, you need to change the name of the computer to whatever your domain is. Mine is slaphappy.com so I’d type that in there. It’s going to say it can’t find an account in the domain for your COMPUTER. That’s because you haven’t created one, so that’s cool. Leave Computer Name the same and type the domain in again.
For some reason it’s going to ask for your credentials…AGAIN! Type them in again. It’ll do its thing and add you to the domain. Here’s what it is doing: Checking the domain to see if the username you used is correct and authenticating you. Checking to see if that username has the right to join the domain and create computer accounts. Creating a computer account in the domain. 61. When it’s done it will ask you if you want to create a domain user account on this computer. YES you do. 62. Why? Because if you set a domain account on your computer as a local administrator, when the computer won’t talk to the domain you can log in with that domain account locally and fix it. 63. Leave it the same (since you’re only adding an already created account, not making a new one). Click next. 64. Make it an administrative account. 65. When you’re done it will tell you that you have to restart your computer. Do that. 66. Note: You can do the same thing with a server, but not a domain controller. You might have, for example, a web server or file server that you don’t use for authenticating and controlling users.
Now check to find that computer domain. Go back to your server. Go to Administrative ToolsàActive Directory Users and Computers. Expand your server. See those folders? Those are called Organizational Units. They are for organizing users, groups, and computers. Click Computers and you should see the computer you just joined to the domain. Now go to your OTHER server. Do you see the same account there? Wow! That’s nifty! Why does it do that?
Go back to Windows 7. You’ll notice that now you have to log in as administrator. Don’t log in yet. It’s not Best Practice to log in as an administrator on a local machine. Let’s do ONE more thing. We’ll do more users later, but for now lets create you as a user.
75. Go to ADDC1 Click on the Users Organizational Unit (OU). Notice that there are little one heads and little two heads. The one heads are users. There should be only two. The two heads are groups. There are a bunch. We’re going to create a new users. Go under the Action MenuàNewàUser Type in your full name. Create a logon name. Click next. Create a password. Note that your password MUST have at least three of the following: Capital letter Small letter Number Symbol It must also be no less than 7 characters long. Tell it that the user doesn’t have to change password at next logon. And set it so password never expires. Now to go ADDC2 and open Active Directory Users and Computers. WOW! That was fast, huh? It replicates immediately! (Replicates means it completely copies the full Active Directory Database from one domain controller to the other, so if one goes down the other one can take over.) Now go to Win7 and logon as your new account. Were you able to get in? Note: Because this is a regular user, you can’t log into your domain controller. Think about it…do you want Joe User being able to walk up to a server and log in? I don’t think so.

Questions

1. What is the address of your preferred DNS server?

2. What is the address of your secondary DNS server?

3. What is your subnet mask?

4. What is your Default Gateway?

5. What is a default gateway?

6. What is your domain name?

7. How do you join a workstation to a domain?

8. Can you do that to a server too?

9. What kind of server do you NOT join a domain this way?

Lab 3-6 Using Network Monitor

On this lab you’re going to use a Windows 2008 Server computer (or Windows 2003) to take a peek at some data packets. Windows comes with some built in and extra programs that you can use to monitor different types of network performance.

Get the following:

8 A computer running Windows 2008 Server with Active Directory installed

8 A workstation connected to server’s domain

8 A crossover cable or hub and cables to connect the two computers together

8 Windows Server 2008 disk

Open up your ADDC1 and log in as administrator. Download Microsoft Network Monitor (search for Netmon Server 2008 and go to the MS download site). Download the 64 bit version (not the ia version, which is for Itanium CPUs). If it says your security settings don’t allow the download, change the security settings. ToolsàInternet OptionsàSecurity TabàInternet ButtonàCustom Level Go to the downloads section and enable downloading. Install the software. Use Windows Update (when it asks). It will install Network Monitor (aka NETMON) and the NETMON Parsers.
Open netmon. Netmon is for capturing and looking at packets on a network. You can use it to identify problems on your network. For example, let’s say your network bandwidth is suddenly being eaten up. You know something is going on, but you don’t know what. You can use Netmon to capture the packets and find out where they are coming from. What you might find is a Broadcast Storm. This happens when a malfunctioning NIC sends a bunch of “noise” out onto a network, slowing everything down. You get a LOT of information using Netmon, so don’t be overwhelmed. Let’s just start a capture. Click New Capture. Go to that capture and click the Start button and let it run. Scroll down and you can see what your packets are doing. In mine, for example, I see that one computer asked for IP address to MAC address resolution to talk to it. I see some SMB (server message blocks) negotiating a connection (at the transport layer, I might add). Notice you’re connecting to a “tree” (a tree is a bunch of domains in a forest).
Now go into your Windows 7. Open your command prompt and type ping nameofserver –t. The –t switch tells it to keep running a ping command until you stop it. (Where it says name of server, put the name of YOUR server. Now go back to your server. Scroll down in Netmon. You’ll see something like the picture to the right. You can see it’s using IPv4 (Internet Protocol Version 4), that 192.168.1.8 is pinging the computer named SNAPPY and the ICMP protocol is sending requests. Then it is getting requests.
Now click on any one of those frames and look at the Frame Details window. What is the frame number? What is the length of the frame? What is the media type? What is some of the other information you see?
Now start another capture. Go to your IE and open a website. Click a few links. Go back to Netmon. Click on Internet Explorer to filter only queries that come from IE. What do you see? 33. Go to your IE and type in a URL that doesn’t exist (I used www.goleanicky.com). Make sure you get an error (probably Could Not Connect to Server). 34. Now go back and look at the Frame Summary. Scroll over so you can see, under description, the HTTP Payload that corresponds to the bad URL. (Payload is what is delivered in request to www.goleanicky.com.) 35. Right above it should be a RESPONSE. Click that frame. Click on HTTP: Response in the Frame Details window. 36. It’ll say “StatusCode”” somewhere. Why couldn’t it find this URL?

1. Why use NetMon on your server?

2. Look at your traffic and answer the following questions:

a. Locate an ARP Request. What IP address is making the request?

b. What is it asking for?

c. What is the response (it should show the MAC address)?

d. ARP is Address Resolution Protocol where you can give the computer an IP address and it will resolve it to the MAC address of the device.

e. Go under FilteràDisplay FilteràLoad FilteràDNSàProtocol Filter DNS. Apply that filter. What do you see?

f. Play around with a few other things. Don’t worry if you don’t completely understand it right now.

Network Drawing Activity

A small company has hired you to assist them in selecting a network topology and communication media to use in the building of a new network. The company is small, but growing. Currently in the company campus, there are four different work areas with 25 computers in each area. They need to be networked, and in addition they need to have the ability to link to a larger network within the city limits.

Job One—On your first meeting with the Acme team they tell you they would like to have some examples of basic network designs. On this piece of paper, or using your paint program, draw and label examples of three basic network topologies for Acme.

Job Two—Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each of the topologies you summarized for the Acme Team. Based on your knowledge to this point, what topology would you recommend?

Job Three—Acme has discussed your options and done some reading on their own. They have some questions about coaxial cable versus twisted pair cable. Draw up a comparison chart for them using MS Word and then make a recommendation on which should be used according to your current knowledge.

Job Four—Acme has decided to go with a coaxial based Ethernet system. Go online and price out for Gary

1000 feet of thicknet coaxial cable

100 connectors

Terminators

Describe the cost for each and the types of connectors/terminators required. Since you want to do the best job you can, go for the gold plated high-quality components.

Job Five—Since Gary wants Thicknet, he’s going to have to abide by what rule? Describe this rule to him and explain why it will mean extra cabling. 

Job Six—I am going to give each team a scenario. I want each team to create from that scenario the following:

1. A proposal to the company that addresses the following:

a. Different types of topologies, including

i. BUS

ii. Token-Ring

iii. Star

iv. Cascading star

v. Mesh

b. Different types of architectures

i. Ethernet

ii. Token-Ring

iii. ARCNet (just a brief overview because no one creates a new ARCNnet network any more)

iv. FDDI

c. Access methods of each

d. Which topology is best for their needs

e. Drawing of the proposed network including:

i. Servers

ii. Cabling (label type)

iii. Connectors

iv. Workstations

v. Access method

f. Include

i. Graphics

ii. Cable types

iii. Connector types

iv. Special cables if needed

v. Access speeds

vi. Label how the information moves around the network.

vii. 5-4-3 rule if it applies

viii. Network type (peer to peer vs client/server)

Create a proposal for each scenario and be prepared to present the proposal to the class. Use either PowerPoint or a report and use VISIO for the drawings. Address all issues for full credit. See rubric below for exactly what you will be graded on.

Rubric

Requirement	Excellent (10)	Good (8)	Poor (5)	Not Observed (0)
Explanation of the option of different kinds of topologies, including bus, star, cascading star, token ring, and mesh.
Explanation of the options of different types of architectures, including Ethernet, token-ring, ARCNet, and FDDI)
Access methods used by each topology.
Suggestion of which topology would best fit their needs.
Drawing of the network, which includes:
All computers on network (servers and workstations)
Label cable types
Label connector types
Label access speeds
Label access method
Describe topology and architecture
Worth 100 points. Points awarded: